Our lecture is based on the current manuscript we are publishing about the urgent need for a paradigm shift from zoos to ecological sanctuaries from the positive criminology perspective.

Based on genomic sequencing evidence reclassifying chimpanzees as sister species to humans (and gorillas/orangutans as cousin species to humans), we find it unjust that such close genetic affinity does not yet justify their inclusion in the early Homo genus. In Zoological taxonomy, such close genetic relationships are manifested by inclusion into the same genus. For example, lions and tigers are both categorized as sister-species members of the Panthera genus, and zebras and horses are sister-species members of the same genus Equus. So why do present-day scientists still reject accepting chimpanzees as hominins within the Homo genus alongside humans, if their genetic closeness is on par with that of other sister species? Resolving this paradox will have ethical implications on humans' place in nature in the continuity of all species, solidifying our relationship amongst all wildlife and the need to recognize their rights.

Hominids (Great Apes) in captivity are frequently subjected to sterile non-natural environments that erode their physical health, cultural identity, and psychological well-being (manifested in psychopathologies parallel to those of humans in captivity: PTSD, psychosis, clinical depression, OCD, etc.), frequently leading to lethal responses to escapes by zoo staff.

This talk proposes a paradigm shift from zoos to Ecological Cultural Rehabilitation Sanctuaries (ECRS) grounded in positive criminology as a methodology. Our case studies will demonstrate how effective bilateral communication and language development, ecological restoration, and cultural revival/preservation enhance welfare and conservation with potential for rewilding. By integrating criminological insights with conservation science, we offer a model that links cultural revival and preservation, welfare, and peace-oriented practices essential to long-term species survival. We wish to advance chimpanzee and Great Ape rights and conservation by framing nature-based rehabilitation and cultural resilience as a policy-relevant priority, integrating welfare and legal standing/personhood within an innovative framework grounded in positive criminology. The change from zoos to the ECRS model will enable self-determination/agency for chimpanzees and other Great Apes, and change their current legal classification of object/property to subject/personhood with legal standing and right of Habeas corpus. Furthermore, we wish to open the door for other wildlife to gain these rights as well, so they can be rehabilitated and rewilded, too.